Which of the following disorders can be managed using NIV?

• A. Acute coronary syndrome
• B. Chronic respiratory failure
• C. Pneumonia with severe cough
• D. Severe anemia

Answer: (B)

Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is particularly beneficial in managing chronic respiratory failure. Chronic respiratory failure can arise from various conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), neuromuscular disorders, or restrictive lung diseases, where the patient has difficulty maintaining adequate gas exchange. NIV allows for improved ventilation and oxygenation without the need for invasive procedures such as intubation.

By utilizing positive pressure to assist the patient’s breathing efforts, NIV can reduce the work of breathing, decrease the need for sedatives, and improve patient comfort. It also helps in preventing further complications associated with respiratory failure, such as hospital-acquired pneumonia or prolonged mechanical ventilation.

In contrast, while acute coronary syndrome, pneumonia with severe cough, and severe anemia may require urgent medical attention, they are not typically managed with NIV as a first-line approach. Chronic respiratory failure aligns more closely with the indications for NIV, making it the most appropriate choice among the options provided.