What is the significance of monitoring plateau pressure in mechanically ventilated patients?

• A. To assess lung compliance and risk of barotrauma
• B. To measure inspiratory flow rate
• C. To evaluate oxygenation status
• D. To determine patient sedation level

Answer: (A)

Monitoring plateau pressure in mechanically ventilated patients is crucial for evaluating lung compliance and the risk of barotrauma. Plateau pressure reflects the pressure in the airways and alveoli after a breath is delivered and is measured during end-inspiration when airflow is halted. By analyzing this pressure, healthcare professionals can gain insights into the elastic recoil of the lungs and the compliance of the respiratory system.

High plateau pressures may indicate decreased lung compliance, which can occur in conditions such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or pneumonia. This information is vital because persistent high pressures can lead to barotrauma, which is damage to the lung tissue due to excessive pressure. Therefore, maintaining an optimal plateau pressure is essential to ensure lung protection while providing adequate ventilation.

The other options, while relevant to different aspects of patient management, do not specifically relate to the significance of plateau pressure measurements. Monitoring plateau pressure specifically targets lung mechanics and safety during mechanical ventilation.